ChatGoogleGenerativeAI integration

Integrate with the ChatGoogleGenerativeAI chat model using LangChain Python.

Access Google’s Generative AI models, including the Gemini family, via the Gemini Developer API or Vertex AI. The Gemini Developer API offers quick setup with API keys, ideal for individual developers. Vertex AI provides enterprise features and integrates with Google Cloud Platform.

For information on the latest models, model IDs, their features, context windows, etc. head to the Google AI docs.

Vertex AI consolidation & compatibility

As of langchain-google-genai 4.0.0, this package uses the consolidated google-genai SDK instead of the legacy google-ai-generativelanguage SDK.

This migration brings support for Gemini models both via the Gemini Developer API and Gemini API in Vertex AI, superseding certain classes in langchain-google-vertexai, such as ChatVertexAI.

Read the full announcement and migration guide.

API Reference

For detailed documentation of all features and configuration options, head to the ChatGoogleGenerativeAI API reference.

Overview

Integration details

Class	Package	Serializable	JS support	Downloads	Version
ChatGoogleGenerativeAI	langchain-google-genai	beta	✅

Model features

Tool calling	Structured output	Image input	Audio input	Video input	Token-level streaming	Native async	Token usage	Logprobs
✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	⚠️

Setup

To access Google AI models you’ll need to create a Google Account, get a Google AI API key, and install the langchain-google-genai integration package.

Installation

pip install -U langchain-google-genai

Credentials

This integration supports two backends: Gemini Developer API and Vertex AI. The backend is selected automatically based on your configuration.

Backend selection

The backend is determined as follows:

1. If GOOGLE_GENAI_USE_VERTEXAI env var is set, uses that value
2. If credentials parameter is provided, uses Vertex AI
3. If project parameter is provided, uses Vertex AI
4. Otherwise, uses Gemini Developer API

You can also explicitly set vertexai=True or vertexai=False to override auto-detection.

Gemini Developer API

Quick setup with API key

Recommended for individual developers / new users.

Head to Google AI Studio to generate an API key:

import getpass
import os

if "GOOGLE_API_KEY" not in os.environ:
    os.environ["GOOGLE_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass("Enter your Google AI API key: ")

The integration checks for GOOGLE_API_KEY first, then GEMINI_API_KEY as a fallback.

Vertex AI with API key

Vertex AI using API key authentication

You can use Vertex AI with API key authentication for simpler setup:

export GEMINI_API_KEY='your-api-key'
export GOOGLE_GENAI_USE_VERTEXAI=true
export GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT='your-project-id'

Or programmatically:

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash",
    api_key="your-api-key",
    project="your-project-id",
    vertexai=True,
)

Vertex AI with credentials

Vertex AI using service account or ADC

Set up Application Default Credentials (ADC):

gcloud auth application-default login

Set your Google Cloud project:

export GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT='your-project-id'
# Optional: set region (defaults to us-central1)
export GOOGLE_CLOUD_LOCATION='us-central1'

Or use service account credentials:

from google.oauth2 import service_account
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
    "path/to/service-account.json",
    scopes=["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform"],
)

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash",
    credentials=credentials,
    project="your-project-id",
)

Environment variables

Variable	Purpose	Backend
GOOGLE_API_KEY	API key (primary)	Both (see GOOGLE_GENAI_USE_VERTEXAI)
GEMINI_API_KEY	API key (fallback)	Both (see GOOGLE_GENAI_USE_VERTEXAI)
GOOGLE_GENAI_USE_VERTEXAI	Force Vertex AI backend (true/false)	Vertex AI
GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT	GCP project ID	Vertex AI
GOOGLE_CLOUD_LOCATION	GCP region (default: us-central1)	Vertex AI

To enable automated tracing of your model calls, set your LangSmith API key:

os.environ["LANGSMITH_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass("Enter your LangSmith API key: ")
os.environ["LANGSMITH_TRACING"] = "true"

Instantiation

Now we can instantiate our model object and generate responses:

Gemini Developer API

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    temperature=1.0,  # Gemini 3.0+ defaults to 1.0
    max_tokens=None,
    timeout=None,
    max_retries=2,
    # other params...
)

Vertex AI

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    project="your-project-id",
    location="us-central1",  # Optional, defaults to us-central1
    temperature=1.0,  # Gemini 3.0+ defaults to 1.0
    max_tokens=None,
    timeout=None,
    max_retries=2,
    # other params...
)

Providing project automatically selects the Vertex AI backend unless you explicitly set vertexai=False.

Temperature for Gemini 3.0+ models

If temperature is not explicitly set and the model is Gemini 3.0 or later, it will be automatically set to 1.0 instead of the default 0.7 per Google GenAI API best practices. Using 0.7 with Gemini 3.0+ can cause infinite loops, degraded reasoning performance, and failure on complex tasks.

See the ChatGoogleGenerativeAI API Reference for the full set of available model parameters.

Proxy configuration

If you need to use a proxy, set these environment variables before initializing:

export HTTPS_PROXY='http://username:password@proxy_uri:port'
export SSL_CERT_FILE='path/to/cert.pem'  # Optional: custom SSL certificate

For SOCKS5 proxies or advanced proxy configuration, use the client_args parameter:

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    client_args={"proxy": "socks5://user:pass@host:port"},
)

Custom endpoints and headers

Use base_url and additional_headers for model-level HTTP options, such as routing requests through an internal gateway:

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    base_url="https://your-gemini-gateway.example.com",
    additional_headers={"X-Custom-Header": "value"},
)

To pass headers or other HTTP options for a single request, provide http_options when invoking the model:

token = "..."
messages = [("human", "Hello!")]

response = model.invoke(
    messages,
    http_options={
        "headers": {
            "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}",
        }
    },
)

The same call-time options work with async invocation:

response = await model.ainvoke(
    messages,
    http_options={"headers": {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}},
)

The per-request http_options may be a dictionary or a google.genai.types.HttpOptions object. Header dictionaries are merged with model-level additional_headers, and per-request header values take precedence. Model-level timeout and max_retries settings are preserved unless you explicitly override timeout or retry_options in http_options.

from google.genai.types import HttpOptions

response = model.invoke(
    messages,
    http_options=HttpOptions(
        headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"},
    ),
)

Invocation

messages = [
    (
        "system",
        "You are a helpful assistant that translates English to French. Translate the user sentence.",
    ),
    ("human", "I love programming."),
]
ai_msg = model.invoke(messages)
ai_msg

Gemini 3

AIMessage(content=[{'type': 'text', 'text': "J'adore la programmation.", 'extras': {'signature': 'EpoWCpc...'}}], additional_kwargs={}, response_metadata={'prompt_feedback': {'block_reason': 0, 'safety_ratings': []}, 'finish_reason': 'STOP', 'model_name': 'gemini-3.5-flash', 'safety_ratings': [], 'model_provider': 'google_genai'}, id='lc_run--fb732b64-1ab4-4a28-b93b-dcfb2a164a3d-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 21, 'output_tokens': 779, 'total_tokens': 800, 'input_token_details': {'cache_read': 0}, 'output_token_details': {'reasoning': 772}})

AIMessage(content="J'adore la programmation.", additional_kwargs={}, response_metadata={'prompt_feedback': {'block_reason': 0, 'safety_ratings': []}, 'finish_reason': 'STOP', 'model_name': 'gemini-2.5-flash', 'safety_ratings': []}, id='run-3b28d4b8-8a62-4e6c-ad4e-b53e6e825749-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 20, 'output_tokens': 7, 'total_tokens': 27, 'input_token_details': {'cache_read': 0}})

Message content shape

Gemini 3 series models return a list of content blocks to capture thought signatures. Use .text to get string content:

response.content  # -> [{"type": "text", "text": "Hello!", "extras": {"signature": "EpQFCp..."}}]
response.text     # -> "Hello!"

Gemini 2.5 and earlier return a plain string for .content.

Multimodal usage

Gemini models accept multimodal inputs (text, images, audio, video, PDFs) and some models can generate multimodal outputs.

Supported input methods

Method	Image	Video	Audio	PDF
File upload (Files API)	✅	✅	✅	✅
Base64 inline data	✅	✅	✅	✅
HTTP/HTTPS URLs*	✅	✅	✅	✅
GCS URIs (gs://...)	✅	✅	✅	✅

*YouTube URLs are supported for video input in preview.

File upload

You can upload files to Google’s servers and reference them by URI. This works for PDFs, images, videos, and audio files.

import time
from google import genai
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

# Upload file to Google's servers
myfile = client.files.upload(file="/path/to/your/file.pdf")
while myfile.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    myfile = client.files.get(name=myfile.name)

# Reference by file_id in FileContentBlock
message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "What is in the document?"},
        {
            "type": "file",
            "file_id": myfile.uri,  # or myfile.name
            "mime_type": "application/pdf",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

Once uploaded, you can reference the file in any of the media-specific sections below using the file_id pattern.

Image input

Provide image inputs along with text using a HumanMessage with a list content format.

Image URL

from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the image at the URL."},
        {
            "type": "image",
            "url": "https://picsum.photos/seed/picsum/200/300",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the image at the URL."},
        {"type": "image_url", "image_url": "https://picsum.photos/seed/picsum/200/300"},
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import base64
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

image_bytes = open("path/to/your/image.jpg", "rb").read()
image_base64 = base64.b64encode(image_bytes).decode("utf-8")
mime_type = "image/jpeg"

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the local image."},
        {
            "type": "image",
            "base64": image_base64,
            "mime_type": mime_type,
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import time
from google import genai
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

# Upload and wait for processing
myfile = client.files.upload(file="/path/to/image.jpg")
while myfile.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    myfile = client.files.get(name=myfile.name)

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe this image."},
        {
            "type": "file",
            "file_id": myfile.uri,
            "mime_type": "image/jpeg",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

Other supported image formats:

• A Google Cloud Storage URI (gs://...). Ensure the service account has access.

PDF input

Provide PDF file inputs along with text.

URL

from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the document in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "image_url",  # (PDFs are treated as images)
            "image_url": "https://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/tests/xhtml/testfiles/resources/pdf/dummy.pdf",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import base64
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

pdf_bytes = open("path/to/your/document.pdf", "rb").read()
pdf_base64 = base64.b64encode(pdf_bytes).decode("utf-8")
mime_type = "application/pdf"

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the document in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "file",
            "base64": pdf_base64,
            "mime_type": mime_type,
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import time
from google import genai
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

# Upload and wait for processing
myfile = client.files.upload(file="/path/to/document.pdf")
while myfile.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    myfile = client.files.get(name=myfile.name)

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the document in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "file",
            "file_id": myfile.uri,
            "mime_type": "application/pdf",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

Audio input

Provide audio file inputs along with text.

URL

from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize this audio in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "image_url",
            "image_url": "https://example.com/audio.mp3",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import base64
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

audio_bytes = open("path/to/your/audio.mp3", "rb").read()
audio_base64 = base64.b64encode(audio_bytes).decode("utf-8")
mime_type = "audio/mpeg"

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize this audio in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "audio",
            "base64": audio_base64,
            "mime_type": mime_type,
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import time
from google import genai
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

# Upload and wait for processing
myfile = client.files.upload(file="/path/to/audio.mp3")
while myfile.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    myfile = client.files.get(name=myfile.name)

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize this audio in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "file",
            "file_id": myfile.uri,
            "mime_type": "audio/mpeg",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

Video input

Provide video file inputs along with text.

Base64 encoded

import base64
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

video_bytes = open("path/to/your/video.mp4", "rb").read()
video_base64 = base64.b64encode(video_bytes).decode("utf-8")
mime_type = "video/mp4"

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Describe what's in this video in a sentence."},
        {
            "type": "video",
            "base64": video_base64,
            "mime_type": mime_type,
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

import time
from google import genai
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

# Upload and wait for processing
myfile = client.files.upload(file="/path/to/video.mp4")
while myfile.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    myfile = client.files.get(name=myfile.name)

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize the video in 3 sentences."},
        {
            "type": "file",
            "file_id": myfile.uri,
            "mime_type": "video/mp4",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

message = HumanMessage(
    content=[
        {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize the video in 3 sentences."},
        {
            "type": "video",
            "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ",
            "mime_type": "video/mp4",
        },
    ]
)
response = model.invoke([message])

YouTube video input (preview)

• Only public videos are supported (not private or unlisted)
• Free tier: max 8 hours of YouTube video per day

Image generation

Certain models can generate text and images inline. See Gemini API docs for details.

import base64
from IPython.display import Image, display
from langchain.messages import AIMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-flash-image")

response = model.invoke("Generate a photorealistic image of a cuddly cat wearing a hat.")

def _get_image_base64(response: AIMessage) -> None:
    image_block = next(
        block
        for block in response.content
        if isinstance(block, dict) and block.get("image_url")
    )
    return image_block["image_url"].get("url").split(",")[-1]

image_base64 = _get_image_base64(response)
display(Image(data=base64.b64decode(image_base64), width=300))

Use image_config to control image dimensions and quality (see genai.types.ImageConfig). It can be set at instantiation (applies to all calls) or at invocation (per-call override):

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

# Set at instantiation (applies to all calls)
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash-image",
    image_config={"aspect_ratio": "16:9"},
)

# Or override per call
response = model.invoke(
    "Generate a photorealistic image of a cuddly cat wearing a hat.",
    image_config={"aspect_ratio": "1:1"},
)

By default, image generation models may return both text and images (e.g. “Ok! Here’s an image of a…”).

You can request that the model only return images by setting the response_modalities parameter:

Instantiation

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI, Modality

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash-image",
    response_modalities=[Modality.IMAGE],
)

# All invocations will return only images
response = model.invoke("Generate a photorealistic image of a cuddly cat wearing a hat.")

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI, Modality

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-flash-image")

# Only this invocation will return images; others may return text+images
response = model.invoke(
    "Generate a photorealistic image of a cuddly cat wearing a hat.",
    response_modalities=[Modality.IMAGE],
)

Audio generation

Certain models can generate audio files. See Gemini API docs for details.

Vertex AI Limitation

Audio generation models are currently in limited preview on Vertex AI and may require allowlist access. If you encounter an INVALID_ARGUMENT error when using TTS models with vertexai=True, your GCP project may need to be allowlisted.

For more details, see this Google AI forum discussion.

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-flash-preview-tts")

response = model.invoke("Please say The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog")

# Base64 encoded binary data of the audio
wav_data = response.additional_kwargs.get("audio")
with open("output.wav", "wb") as f:
    f.write(wav_data)

Tool calling

You can equip the model with tools to call.

from langchain.tools import tool
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI


# Define the tool
@tool(description="Get the current weather in a given location")
def get_weather(location: str) -> str:
    return "It's sunny."


# Initialize and bind (potentially multiple) tools to the model
model_with_tools = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash").bind_tools([get_weather])

# Step 1: Model generates tool calls
messages = [HumanMessage("What's the weather in Boston?")]
ai_msg = model_with_tools.invoke(messages)
messages.append(ai_msg)

# Check the tool calls in the response
print(ai_msg.tool_calls)

# Step 2: Execute tools and collect results
for tool_call in ai_msg.tool_calls:
    # Execute the tool with the generated arguments
    tool_result = get_weather.invoke(tool_call)
    messages.append(tool_result)

# Step 3: Pass results back to model for final response
final_response = model_with_tools.invoke(messages)
final_response

[{'name': 'get_weather', 'args': {'location': 'Boston'}, 'id': '879b4233-901b-4bbb-af56-3771ca8d3a75', 'type': 'tool_call'}]

Structured output

Force the model to respond with a specific structure. See the Gemini API docs for more info.

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI
from pydantic import BaseModel
from typing import Literal


class Feedback(BaseModel):
    sentiment: Literal["positive", "neutral", "negative"]
    summary: str


model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")
structured_model = model.with_structured_output(
    schema=Feedback.model_json_schema(), method="json_schema"
)

response = structured_model.invoke("The new UI is great!")
response["sentiment"]  # "positive"
response["summary"]  # "The user expresses positive..."

For streaming structured output, merge dictionaries instead of using +=:

stream = structured_model.stream("The interface is intuitive and beautiful!")
full = next(stream)
for chunk in stream:
    full.update(chunk)  # Merge dictionaries
print(full)  # Complete structured response
# -> {'sentiment': 'positive', 'summary': 'The user praises...'}

Structured output methods

Two methods are supported for structured output:

• method="json_schema" (default): Uses Gemini’s native structured output. Recommended for better reliability, as it constrains the model’s generation process directly rather than relying on post-processing tool calls.
• method="function_calling": Uses tool calling to extract structured data.

Combining structured output with Google Search

When using with_structured_output(method="function_calling"), do not pass additional tools (like Google Search) in the same call.

To get structured output and search grounding in a single call, use .bind() with response_mime_type and response_schema instead of with_structured_output:

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI
from pydantic import BaseModel


class MatchResult(BaseModel):
    winner: str
    final_match_score: str
    scorers: list[str]


llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

llm_with_search = llm.bind(
    tools=[{"google_search": {}}],
    response_mime_type="application/json",
    response_schema=MatchResult.model_json_schema(),
)

response = llm_with_search.invoke(
    "Search for details of the latest Euro championship final match."
)

This uses Gemini’s native JSON schema mode for structuring the output while allowing tools like Google Search for grounding—all in a single LLM call.

Token usage tracking

Access token usage information from the response metadata.

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

result = model.invoke("Explain the concept of prompt engineering in one sentence.")

print(result.content)
print("\nUsage Metadata:")
print(result.usage_metadata)

Prompt engineering is the art and science of crafting effective text prompts to elicit desired and accurate responses from large language models.

Usage Metadata:
{'input_tokens': 10, 'output_tokens': 24, 'total_tokens': 34, 'input_token_details': {'cache_read': 0}}

Thinking support

Certain Gemini models support configurable thinking depth. The parameter depends on the model version:

Model family	Parameter	Values
Gemini 3+	thinking_level	"minimal", "low", "medium", "high" (default for Pro)
Gemini 2.5	thinking_budget	0 (off), -1 (dynamic), or a positive integer (token limit)

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

# Gemini 3+: use thinking_level
llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    thinking_level="low",
)

response = llm.invoke("How many O's are in Google?")

Gemini 2.5 models: thinking_budget

For Gemini 2.5 models, use thinking_budget (an integer token count) instead:

• Set to 0 to disable thinking (where supported)
• Set to -1 for dynamic thinking (model decides)
• Set to a positive integer to constrain token usage

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash",
    thinking_budget=1024,
)

Not all models allow disabling thinking. See the Gemini models documentation for details.

Viewing model thoughts

To see a thinking model’s reasoning, set include_thoughts=True:

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model="gemini-3.5-flash",
    include_thoughts=True,
)

response = llm.invoke("How many O's are in Google? How did you verify your answer?")
reasoning_tokens = response.usage_metadata["output_token_details"]["reasoning"]

print("Response:", response.content)
print("Reasoning tokens used:", reasoning_tokens)

Response: [{'type': 'thinking', 'thinking': '**Analyzing and Cou...'}, {'type': 'text', 'text': 'There a...', 'extras': {'signature': 'EroR...'}}]
Reasoning tokens used: 672

See the Gemini API docs for more information on thinking.

Thought signatures

Thought signatures are encrypted representations of the model’s reasoning. They enable Gemini to maintain thought context across multi-turn conversations, since the API is stateless.

Gemini 3 may raise 4xx errors if thought signatures are not passed back with tool call responses. Upgrade to langchain-google-genai >= 3.1.0 to ensure this is handled correctly.

Signatures appear in AIMessage responses:

• Text blocks: extras.signature within the content block
• Tool calls: additional_kwargs["__gemini_function_call_thought_signatures__"]

For multi-turn conversations, pass the full AIMessage back to the model so signatures are preserved. This happens automatically when you append the AIMessage to your messages list (as shown in the tool calling example above).

Don’t reconstruct messages manually. If you create a new AIMessage instead of passing the original object, the signatures will be lost and the API may reject the request.

Built-in tools

Google Gemini supports a variety of built-in tools, which can be bound to the model in the usual way.

Google search

See Gemini docs for detail.

Bind to model

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

model_with_search = model.bind_tools([{"google_search": {}}])
response = model_with_search.invoke("When is the next total solar eclipse in US?")

response.content_blocks

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

response = model.invoke(
    "When is the next total solar eclipse in US?",
    tools=[{"google_search": {}}],
)

response.content_blocks

[{'type': 'text',
  'text': 'The next total solar eclipse visible in the contiguous United States will occur on...',
  'annotations': [{'type': 'citation',
    'id': 'abc123',
    'url': '<url for source 1>',
    'title': '<source 1 title>',
    'start_index': 0,
    'end_index': 99,
    'cited_text': 'The next total solar eclipse...',
    'extras': {'google_ai_metadata': {'web_search_queries': ['next total solar eclipse in US'],
       'grounding_chunk_index': 0,
       'confidence_scores': []}}},
   ...

Google maps

Certain models support grounding using Google Maps. Maps grounding connects Gemini’s generative capabilities with Google Maps’ current, factual location data. This enables location-aware applications that provide accurate, geographically specific responses. See Gemini docs for detail.

Bind to model

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-pro")

model_with_maps = model.bind_tools([{"google_maps": {}}])
response = model_with_maps.invoke(
    "What are some good Italian restaurants near the Eiffel Tower in Paris?"
)

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-pro")

response = model.invoke(
    "What are some good Italian restaurants near the Eiffel Tower in Paris?",
    tools=[{"google_maps": {}}],
)

The response will include grounding metadata with location information from Google Maps.

You can optionally provide a specific location context using tool_config with lat_lng. This is useful when you want to ground queries relative to a specific geographic point.

Bind to model

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-pro")

# Provide location context (latitude and longitude)
model_with_maps = model.bind_tools(
    [{"google_maps": {}}],
    tool_config={
        "retrieval_config": {  # Eiffel Tower
            "lat_lng": {
                "latitude": 48.858844,
                "longitude": 2.294351,
            }
        }
    },
)

response = model_with_maps.invoke(
    "What Italian restaurants are within a 5 minute walk from here?"
)

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-pro")

response = model.invoke(
    "What Italian restaurants are within a 5 minute walk from here?",
    tools=[{"google_maps": {}}],
    tool_config={
        "retrieval_config": {  # Eiffel Tower
            "lat_lng": {
                "latitude": 48.858844,
                "longitude": 2.294351,
            }
        }
    },
)

URL context

The URL context tool enables the model to access and analyze content from URLs you provide in your prompt. This is useful for tasks like summarizing web pages, extracting data from multiple sources, or answering questions about online content. See Gemini docs for detail and limitations.

Bind to model

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-flash")

model_with_url_context = model.bind_tools([{"url_context": {}}])
response = model_with_url_context.invoke(
    "Summarize the content at https://docs.langchain.com"
)

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-flash")

response = model.invoke(
    "Summarize the content at https://docs.langchain.com",
    tools=[{"url_context": {}}],
)

Code execution

See Gemini docs for detail.

Bind to model

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

model_with_code_interpreter = model.bind_tools([{"code_execution": {}}])
response = model_with_code_interpreter.invoke("Use Python to calculate 3^3.")

response.content_blocks

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

response = model.invoke(
    "Use Python to calculate 3^3.",
    tools=[{"code_execution": {}}],
)

response.content_blocks

[{'type': 'server_tool_call',
  'name': 'code_interpreter',
  'args': {'code': 'print(3**3)', 'language': <Language.PYTHON: 1>},
  'id': '...'},
 {'type': 'server_tool_result',
  'tool_call_id': '',
  'status': 'success',
  'output': '27\n',
  'extras': {'block_type': 'code_execution_result',
   'outcome': <Outcome.OUTCOME_OK: 1>}},
 {'type': 'text', 'text': 'The calculation of 3 to the power of 3 is 27.'}]

Computer use

The Gemini 2.5 Computer Use model (gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025) can interact with browser environments to automate web tasks like clicking, typing, and scrolling.

Preview model limitations

The Computer Use model is in preview and may produce unexpected behavior. Always supervise automated tasks and avoid use with sensitive data or critical operations. See the Gemini API docs for safety best practices.

Bind to model

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025")
model_with_computer = model.bind_tools([{"computer_use": {}}])

response = model_with_computer.invoke("Please navigate to example.com")

response.content_blocks

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025")

response = model.invoke(
    "Please navigate to example.com",
    tools=[{"computer_use": {}}],
)

response.content_blocks

[{'type': 'tool_call',
  'id': '08a8b175-16ab-4861-8965-b736d5d4dd7e',
  'name': 'open_web_browser',
  'args': {}}]

You can configure the environment and exclude specific UI actions:

Advanced configuration

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI, Environment

model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025")

# Specify the environment (browser is default)
model_with_computer = model.bind_tools(
    [{"computer_use": {"environment": Environment.ENVIRONMENT_BROWSER}}]
)

# Exclude specific UI actions
model_with_computer = model.bind_tools(
    [
        {
            "computer_use": {
                "environment": Environment.ENVIRONMENT_BROWSER,
                "excludedPredefinedFunctions": [
                    "drag_and_drop",
                    "key_combination",
                ],
            }
        }
    ]
)

response = model_with_computer.invoke("Search for Python tutorials")

The model returns function calls for UI actions (like click_at, type_text_at, scroll) with normalized coordinates. You’ll need to implement the actual execution of these actions in your browser automation framework.

Safety settings

Gemini models have default safety settings that can be overridden. If you are receiving lots of 'Safety Warnings' from your models, you can try tweaking the safety_settings attribute of the model. For example, to turn off safety blocking for dangerous content, you can construct your LLM as follows:

from langchain_google_genai import (
    ChatGoogleGenerativeAI,
    HarmBlockThreshold,
    HarmCategory,
)

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
        model="gemini-3.5-flash",
        safety_settings={
        HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT: HarmBlockThreshold.BLOCK_NONE,
    },
)

For an enumeration of the categories and thresholds available, see Google’s safety settings guide.

Context caching

Context caching allows you to store and reuse content (e.g., PDFs, images) for faster processing. The cached_content parameter accepts a cache name created via the Google Generative AI API.

Single file example

This caches a single file and queries it.

import time
from google import genai
from google.genai import types
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()

# Upload file
file = client.files.upload(file="path/to/your/file")
while file.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    file = client.files.get(name=file.name)

# Create cache
model = "gemini-3.5-flash"
cache = client.caches.create(
    model=model,
    config=types.CreateCachedContentConfig(
        display_name="Cached Content",
        system_instruction=(
            "You are an expert content analyzer, and your job is to answer "
            "the user's query based on the file you have access to."
        ),
        contents=[file],
        ttl="300s",
    ),
)

# Query with LangChain
llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model=model,
    cached_content=cache.name,
)
message = HumanMessage(content="Summarize the main points of the content.")
llm.invoke([message])

Multiple files example

This caches two files using Part and queries them together.

import time
from google import genai
from google.genai.types import CreateCachedContentConfig, Content, Part
from langchain.messages import HumanMessage
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

client = genai.Client()

# Upload files
file_1 = client.files.upload(file="./file1")
while file_1.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    file_1 = client.files.get(name=file_1.name)

file_2 = client.files.upload(file="./file2")
while file_2.state.name == "PROCESSING":
    time.sleep(2)
    file_2 = client.files.get(name=file_2.name)

# Create cache with multiple files
contents = [
    Content(
        role="user",
        parts=[
            Part.from_uri(file_uri=file_1.uri, mime_type=file_1.mime_type),
            Part.from_uri(file_uri=file_2.uri, mime_type=file_2.mime_type),
        ],
    )
]
model = "gemini-3.5-flash"
cache = client.caches.create(
    model=model,
    config=CreateCachedContentConfig(
        display_name="Cached Contents",
        system_instruction=(
            "You are an expert content analyzer, and your job is to answer "
            "the user's query based on the files you have access to."
        ),
        contents=contents,
        ttl="300s",
    ),
)

# Query with LangChain
llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
    model=model,
    cached_content=cache.name,
)
message = HumanMessage(
    content="Provide a summary of the key information across both files."
)
llm.invoke([message])

See the Gemini API docs on context caching for more information.

Response metadata

Access response metadata from the model response.

from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI

llm = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(model="gemini-3.5-flash")

response = llm.invoke("Hello!")
response.response_metadata

{'prompt_feedback': {'block_reason': 0, 'safety_ratings': []},
 'finish_reason': 'STOP',
 'model_name': 'gemini-3.5-flash',
 'safety_ratings': [],
 'model_provider': 'google_genai'}

---

API reference

For detailed documentation of all features and configuration options, head to the ChatGoogleGenerativeAI API reference.

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