QdrantVectorStore integration

Integrate with the QdrantVectorStore using LangChain JavaScript.

Compatibility: Only available on Node.js.

Qdrant is a vector similarity search engine. It provides a production-ready service with a convenient API to store, search, and manage points (vectors with an additional payload).

This guide provides a quick overview for getting started with Qdrant vector stores. For detailed documentation of all QdrantVectorStore features and configurations head to the API reference.

Overview

Integration details

Class	Package	PY support	Downloads	Version
QdrantVectorStore	@langchain/qdrant	✅

Setup

To use Qdrant vector stores, set up a Qdrant instance and install @langchain/qdrant and @langchain/core. The @langchain/qdrant package bundles the Qdrant REST client (@qdrant/js-client-rest).

This guide uses OpenAI embeddings as an example. You can use other supported embeddings models instead.

npm

npm install @langchain/qdrant @langchain/core @langchain/openai

yarn add @langchain/qdrant @langchain/core @langchain/openai

pnpm add @langchain/qdrant @langchain/core @langchain/openai

After installing the required dependencies, run a Qdrant instance with Docker on your computer by following the Qdrant setup instructions. Note the URL your container runs on.

Credentials

Set a QDRANT_URL environment variable:

// e.g. http://localhost:6333
process.env.QDRANT_URL = "your-qdrant-url"

If you are using OpenAI embeddings for this guide, set your OpenAI key as well:

process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY";

If you want to get automated tracing of your model calls you can also set your LangSmith API key by uncommenting below:

// process.env.LANGSMITH_TRACING="true"
// process.env.LANGSMITH_API_KEY="your-api-key"

Instantiation

import { QdrantVectorStore } from "@langchain/qdrant";
import { OpenAIEmbeddings } from "@langchain/openai";

const embeddings = new OpenAIEmbeddings({
  model: "text-embedding-3-small",
});

const vectorStore = await QdrantVectorStore.fromExistingCollection(embeddings, {
  url: process.env.QDRANT_URL,
  collectionName: "langchainjs-testing",
});

Manage vector store

Add items to vector store

import type { Document } from "@langchain/core/documents";

const document1: Document = {
  pageContent: "The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
};

const document2: Document = {
  pageContent: "Buildings are made out of brick",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
};

const document3: Document = {
  pageContent: "Mitochondria are made out of lipids",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
};

const document4: Document = {
  pageContent: "The 2024 Olympics are in Paris",
  metadata: { source: "https://example.com" }
}

const documents = [document1, document2, document3, document4];

await vectorStore.addDocuments(documents);

Top-level document ids and deletion are currently not supported.

Query vector store

Once your vector store has been created and the relevant documents have been added you will most likely wish to query it during the running of your chain or agent.

Query directly

Performing a simple similarity search can be done as follows:

const filter = {
  "must": [
      { "key": "metadata.source", "match": { "value": "https://example.com" } },
  ]
};

const similaritySearchResults = await vectorStore.similaritySearch("biology", 2, filter);

for (const doc of similaritySearchResults) {
  console.log(`* ${doc.pageContent} [${JSON.stringify(doc.metadata, null)}]`);
}

* The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria [{"source":"https://example.com"}]
* Mitochondria are made out of lipids [{"source":"https://example.com"}]

See this page for more on Qdrant filter syntax. Note that all values must be prefixed with metadata.

If you want to execute a similarity search and receive the corresponding scores you can run:

const similaritySearchWithScoreResults = await vectorStore.similaritySearchWithScore("biology", 2, filter)

for (const [doc, score] of similaritySearchWithScoreResults) {
  console.log(`* [SIM=${score.toFixed(3)}] ${doc.pageContent} [${JSON.stringify(doc.metadata)}]`);
}

* [SIM=0.165] The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria [{"source":"https://example.com"}]
* [SIM=0.148] Mitochondria are made out of lipids [{"source":"https://example.com"}]

Query by turning into retriever

You can also transform the vector store into a retriever for easier usage in your chains.

const retriever = vectorStore.asRetriever({
  // Optional filter
  filter: filter,
  k: 2,
});
await retriever.invoke("biology");

[
  Document {
    pageContent: 'The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria',
    metadata: { source: 'https://example.com' },
    id: undefined
  },
  Document {
    pageContent: 'Mitochondria are made out of lipids',
    metadata: { source: 'https://example.com' },
    id: undefined
  }
]

Usage for retrieval-augmented generation

For guides on how to use this vector store for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), see the following sections:

• Build a RAG app with LangChain.
• Agentic RAG
• Retrieval docs

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API reference

For detailed documentation of all QdrantVectorStore features and configurations head to the API reference.

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